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First, the common fault analysis of CNC machine tools

Failure

Fault refers to all or part of the CNC machine loss of the original function. CNC machine failure generally have certain laws. Initial operation, the system failure rate is higher, the majority of failures are caused due to design and manufacture and assembly defects; normal operation, low failure rate, the failure is generally caused by poor operation and maintenance; aging, failure rate The largest, mainly due to run too long, mechanical aging and excessive wear caused.

2. The basic principles of fault diagnosis

The reliability of modern numerical control system is getting higher and higher, the failure rate of numerical control system itself is getting lower and lower, but the occurrence of most faults is caused by non-system itself. As the CNC machine tool is a machine tool integrating mechanical, hydraulic and electrical functions, the occurrence of faults will be reflected by all three. Maintenance personnel should be first by outside investigation. For example, check the external power supply, including the AC power and DC power supply, before checking the internal control circuit. When the type of failure is not identified, do not disassemble the parts as they may cause the failure to expand, causing the machine to lose accuracy and reduce performance. External system failure is mainly caused by the detection switch, hydraulic components, pneumatic components, electrical actuators, mechanical devices and other problems caused.

Second, the basic method of fault diagnosis

Intuitive method

Intuitive method This is one of the most basic and easiest ways. Maintenance personnel through the failure occurred when a variety of light, sound, smell and other anomalies observed, check, the fault can be reduced to a module, or even a printed circuit board. Such as CNC machining process, a sudden shutdown. Maintenance personnel to open the CNC cabinet and found that the main circuit short-circuit trip, after careful observation, and finally found Y-axis motor power line skin is scratched by hard objects, damage at the impact of the machine shell, resulting in short circuit breakers, replace the Y-axis power line After closing the short circuit, the machine returned to normal.

2 parts exchange method

The so-called part exchange method, is roughly confirmed in the fault range, and to confirm the external conditions are correct, using the same printed circuit board, module, integrated circuit chip or components to replace the doubtful part of the method. Part exchange method is a simple, easy and reliable method, and it is also one of the common fault identification methods in maintenance process.

3. Parameter inspection method

Parameter inspection method: The numerical control system's machine tool parameters are the prerequisites for guaranteeing the normal operation of the machine tool, and they directly affect the performance of the CNC machine tool.

The maintenance of the treatment includes two aspects, one is based on the failure of the process, explain to the operator the cause of this failure, the future operation of precautions, explain the possible failure of the accurate information and links, try to avoid similar faults Happen again. The second is to do a good job in maintenance records, the establishment of maintenance files, data backup for future maintenance.