In recent years, drones have become hotspots in consumer electronics products, and they have gradually entered the fields of agriculture, geography, security, transportation, and other industries. In the field of transportation, drone applications have become popular, not only in the field of traffic management. The highway management department and the road administration department also started to use drones for road condition monitoring, traffic guidance, and bridge monitoring.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Police Aviation Management Office of the Ministry of Public Security, as of September 2017, the Chinese public security organs were equipped with 4,000 unmanned aerial vehicles of various types, with more than 2,000 unmanned aircraft pilots. In the traffic management, the UAV is often used to capture traffic violations, divert traffic, draw on-site survey maps, patrol monitoring bridges, and elevated conditions, so as to further improve traffic safety management efficiency and achieve smart traffic management.
ITS114 has made corresponding arrangements for the application of the national drones in the transportation field:
Application of drones in traffic management
On August 1, 2018, the public safety industry standard "General Technical Conditions for Road Traffic Patrol Systems Based on Unmanned Aircraft" (GA/T 1505-2018) was officially implemented. Sections 4 and 5 of the Standard provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the requirements for road traffic patrol systems based on unmanned aircraft, including general requirements, flight subsystems, aerial subsystems, information storage and transmission subsystems, and background processing. Technical requirements for subsystems, etc.
According to the traffic management department's need for video image capture and illegal behavior identification during the patrol of unmanned aircraft, the standard also provides video inspection, illegal behavior forensics, traffic flow detection, target tracking, sound and light prompts, etc. for the aerial photography subsystem. The function puts forward the requirement that the unmanned aircraft needs to be able to identify and collect common traffic violations such as not driving in the prescribed lane, illegally occupying the emergency lane, reversing, retrograde, etc., and has the vehicle number plate recognition function.
UAVs are used in traffic management. Although there are many benefits, they also need to be deepened. In 2017, the Shenzhen Traffic Police set up a drone squadron. The traffic police who operate the drones are scientifically trained and qualified for international flight control certification. Since then, many public security and traffic police have established relevant drone management teams.
There are several main functions of drones in the field of traffic management. The most direct is the capture of traffic violations. According to the data of the Shenzhen Traffic Police, in the 90 minutes of the early execution of a drone, more than 30 violations were taken, and an average of two minutes was taken.
Since 2017, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Nanjing, Hefei, Shaoguan, Taiyuan, Changzhou and other traffic police have introduced drones to participate in traffic management, using drones to capture pressure lines, not wearing seat belts, driving and making phone calls, etc. .
From July to October 2018, Haikou first launched a drone to participate in the exploration of road traffic management, real-time observation of traffic conditions, and the license plate can be clearly identified 400 meters away.
On October 6, 2018, Shanghai Lingang Smart City Development Center and Alibaba Cloud jointly deployed an intelligent drone inspection system. Set up 5 automatic flight hangars, real-time dispatch by Alibaba Cloud ET City Brain, realize automatic flight, automatic operation and maintenance, comprehensive inspection of all-ported drones, and build a “5-minute inspection circle” in Lingang.
In 2019, Shanghai upgraded the police drone enforcement function. After the illegal operation of the large-scale vehicle “Gasser” was captured, the illegal behavior of the motor vehicle driver driving the mobile phone was also included in the law enforcement of the drone, and it was clearly shot in the rainy days. The illegal behavior of the driver of the motor vehicle.
On July 31, 2018, after Jinan first invested in four police drones to capture mobile phone traffic violations, on January 22, 2019, traffic violations were recorded into the national traffic violation law enforcement platform, generating off-site traffic violations. recording. In addition, Jinan City used police drones to directly enforce the law of traffic violations.
On January 21, 2019, the first drone flight team of the Chengdu Traffic Police was officially dispatched, and the inspection and law enforcement work was carried out at the Chengwenyu Expressway. During the Spring Festival, the road traffic management, traffic violations, traffic accident scenes of Chengdu City Expressway were implemented in real-time video transmission, aerial flight capture, aerial site survey, and road control work was strengthened from the air.
On February 27, 2019, Baoji City launched an unmanned aerial vehicle to capture vehicles that violated the restrictions.
UAVs have other mobility and deterrents that are unmatched by traffic monitoring and sensing systems. Therefore, highways and key sections can be an important means of “diverting traffic”:
In November 2018, Linyi Traffic Police built a new model of “AB+ Smart Traffic Management”, using drones for video patrols, and real-time grasp of road congestion.
In 2019, the traffic police of Harbin passed the patrol of the drone, took pictures on the spot, and shouted away from the illegal vehicles, effectively alleviating the road congestion at the peak of the school road.
Tianjin Mobile and Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. jointly built a pilot project for 5G networked UAV traffic management in Sino-Singapore Eco-City. By mounting 5G CPE terminals, megaphones, etc., the drone can arrive at the scene for forensic evidence for the first time, and use the megaphone to conduct traffic diversion to avoid the occurrence of secondary accidents.
Once again, the drone can be used as a supplement to the inspection and control system, and it can also provide support for the security traffic of large-scale events:
During the period from November to December 2018, the Anshan Traffic Management Bureau launched four police drones to cooperate with the Traffic Control Bureau's inspection and control system to accurately detect and control vehicles suspected of having illegal cards, decks, and overdue inspections.
The Taizhou traffic police used two UAVs for tasks such as patrol card set, traffic violation capture, traffic accident site investigation and evidence collection, and major event security dispatch.
Of course, the drone itself is only a tool. It can not only serve the off-site law enforcement and traffic control of traffic, but also can be used for other purposes of traffic management. The most obvious is the alert at the scene of the accident, drawing a site survey map, etc.:
In order to ensure traffic safety during the Spring Festival, the Hainan traffic police enabled the drone to capture traffic violations. It also used its mapping function to conduct on-site surveys at some large and complex sites, and to map the appearance of the site to assist the command center in processing.
During the Spring Festival of 2019, Shandong used drone patrols to take pictures of illegal vehicles in real time, and automatically generated more intuitive and realistic scenes of accidents and transmitted them back to the accident handling police department.
During the National Day of 2018, the Suzhou Public Security Traffic Police Department used police drones to control major highways, achieving targets such as slow blockage and road monitoring. The 9 traffic police high-speed brigades in Suzhou have been equipped with police drones.
Shanghai Songjiang police used the advanced technology of drone wireless communication remote control, air hovering, image backhaul, GPS navigation and positioning to deal with traffic management and accidents of key sections. In the bad weather such as rain and snow, the scene map can be accurately drawn.
It should be noted that the traffic management application of the drone is often carried out at the same time. Although different scenarios are biased, there is basically no one task corresponding to one model of the drone, only the upgrade and Add a variety of equipment (such as call equipment, HD monitoring, etc.). Although the drone has good maneuverability, it is also limited by the weather environment, endurance, operation level and other conditions. What management units and drone transportation companies need to do is how to deepen the drone video surveillance/ The comprehensive sensing and analysis capabilities of the capture, while improving the information communication performance of the drone.
Road transport, road management applications
In terms of road transportation and road management, there are also many application scenarios for drones. The most commendable is the safety inspection and monitoring of bridges and highways, especially in some mountainous highways, sea-crossing, river-crossing bridges, elevated highways, etc. Patrol and monitoring of facilities.
In 2018, Nanjing Transportation used drones to carry out UAV "Eagle Eye" enforcement at the Central Gate Station. Through drone aerial photography and forensics, the city transports the law enforcement team to intercept the way the law enforcement team intercepts the road, and vigorously crack down on the violation of the bus.
In June 2018, Yakang high-speed start drones monitored the high-slope along the high-speed slope, the space under the bridge, and other traffic conditions in order to take targeted measures such as remote shunting.
On July 16, 2018, Zhuzhou City Highway Administration and Hunan Shanhe Technology Co., Ltd. held the first batch of drone handover ceremony, which marked that the drone will be applied to the daily patrol of Zhuzhou ordinary road for the first time, and vigorously improve the daily routine of the highway department. Maintenance and emergency rescue capabilities.
The drone can not only patrol the infrastructure such as roads and bridges, but also further strengthen the assistants for the bridge diagnosis doctors, helping to find problems during the inspection.
In 2017, a vertical take-off and landing fixed-wing UAV CW-10 in Chengdu conducted a patrol on the Qingpu section of the Shanghai-Changzhou Expressway. The total length of the inspection was 18.3 kilometers, and the total length of the drone flight was nearly 40 kilometers. The transmission distance is nearly 20km, breaking the industry application precedent. The drone returns the video image in real time and saves all the inspection history information to form a patrol information database.
In September 2018, the China Railway Bridge Bureau Bridge Academy displayed a new type of drone B-001 with a wingspan of 1.3 meters and a maximum wind resistance of six. The drone is equipped with a 40-megapixel lens, which can reach some locations that are difficult to reach by human hand. The most important thing is that it can achieve upward-free shooting without corners, which changes the disadvantages of ordinary drones that can only be shot down, helping to detect the lower part of the bridge steel beam. Diseases and other conditions. It also has a distance measuring function, intelligently identifies cracks, and the precision can reach 0.1 mm, which is equivalent to seeing a hair strand within 3 meters, which not only greatly improves the measurement efficiency, but also misdetects the missing test in the cradle. Among them.
In addition, the UAV can also build 3D modeling effects on bridges and other facilities, and form road infrastructure electronic files. For the application of this part, you can view an article we published in August 2018, traffic from Hunan Province. Dr. Qiao Chuanlong from the Department of Transportation and the practice of UAV in the transportation industry, jointly written by Su Da, Shenzhen Dajiang Innovation Technology Co., Ltd.
There are still many applications of drones. In general, it is not just a substitute for people's eyes to fly into the air to "see" traffic. In the future, it is to develop into a smart terminal. It can sense and capture recognition and analysis, and can call for deterrence. The returned data can also realize three-dimensional modeling, electronic documentation of highway assets, and supplement the original data of traffic police intelligent off-site enforcement.
In the future, the application of drones in the transportation field will become more and more broad, and there will be scenes that we have not seen yet, but are already testing. Finally, it is a question that needs to be considered when building a drone control team or purchasing a third-party service.