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The automobile wiring harness is the main body of the automobile circuit, and there is no automobile circuit without the wiring harness. Wire harness refers to a component that is formed by crimping contact terminals (connectors) made of copper material with wires and cables, and then plastic insulators or metal shells are added to the outside to form a connected circuit. The wiring harness industry chain includes wire and cable, connectors, processing equipment, wiring harness manufacturing and downstream application industries. The wiring harness is widely used and can be used in automobiles, household appliances, computers and communication equipment, various electronic instruments, etc. The body wiring harness connects the entire body , The general shape is H-shaped.
Automobile wires are also called low-voltage wires, which are different from ordinary household wires. Ordinary household wires are copper single-core wires with certain hardness. Automotive wires are copper multi-core cords, some cords are as thin as hair, and several or even dozens of flexible copper wires are wrapped in a plastic insulating tube (polyvinyl chloride), which is soft and not easy to break.
Due to the particularity of the automotive industry, the manufacturing process of automotive wiring harnesses is also more special than other ordinary wiring harnesses.
Features
In modern cars, there are a lot of car wiring harnesses, and the electronic control system is closely related to the wiring harness. Someone once made a vivid analogy: If the functions of microcomputers, sensors, and actuators are compared to the human body, it can be said that the microcomputer is equivalent to the human brain, the sensor is equivalent to the sensory organ, and the actuator is equivalent to the moving organ, then the wiring harness is the nerve Blood vessels.
Automobile wiring harness is the main body of the automobile circuit network, connecting the electrical and electronic components of the automobile and making it function. Without the wiring harness, there is no automobile circuit. At present, whether it is a high-end luxury car or an economical ordinary car, the form of the wiring harness is basically the same. It is composed of wires, connectors and wrapping tape. It must ensure the transmission of electrical signals and the connection of the circuit. Reliability, supply the specified current value to electronic and electrical components, prevent electromagnetic interference to surrounding circuits, and eliminate electrical short circuits.
Automobile wiring harness is divided into functions, there are two types of power lines that carry power to drive the actuators (actuators) and signal lines that transmit sensor input commands. Power lines are thick wires that carry large currents, while signal lines are thin wires that do not carry power (optical fiber communication); for example, the cross-sectional area of wires for signal circuits is 0.3 or 0.5 mm2.
The cross-sectional area of the wires used in motors and actuators is 0.85, 1.25mm2, and the cross-sectional areas of wires used in power circuits are 2, 3, and 5mm2; and special circuits (starters, alternators, engine grounding wires, etc.) have 8, 10, 15, 20mm2 different specifications. The larger the cross-sectional area of the wire, the larger the current capacity. In addition to considering the electrical performance, the selection of the wire is also restricted by the physical performance of the vehicle, so it has a wide range of options. For example, the frequently opened/closed door of a taxi and the wires that cross the body should be made of wires with good flexibility. Wires used in high temperature areas generally use vinyl chloride and polyethylene coated wires with good insulation and heat resistance. In recent years, electromagnetic shielding wires used in weak signal circuits have also been increasing.
