A few days ago, China Southern Power Grid issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Grid Development of China Southern Power Grid" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), proposing that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the five southern provinces and regions plan to add 115 million kilowatts of wind power and photovoltaic power. Store 6 million kilowatts of energy, and promote 20 million kilowatts of new energy storage.

In July, the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Energy Storage" jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration put forward the goal of "the installed capacity of energy storage will reach 30 million kilowatts or more by 2025", which means that China Southern Power Grid " The energy storage installation plan for the 14th Five-Year Plan accounts for approximately 66% of its share. What are the considerations for China Southern Power Grid to formulate such ambitious goals? How to practice it?

Achieve optimized allocation of resources in a wider range

According to China Southern Power Grid's forecast, by 2025, the total installed power capacity of the five southern provinces will reach 610 million kilowatts, and the proportion of non-fossil energy installed capacity and power generation will increase to 60% and 57% respectively. By 2030, the installed capacity of new energy will reach more than 250 million kilowatts. By then, new energy will become the largest power source in the five southern provinces.

After a high proportion of new energy sources are connected to the power system, it will increase the difficulty of grid balance. Chen Zheng, director of the Energy Strategy and Policy Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid Energy Development Research Institute, believes that the five southern provinces have large differences in energy resource endowments. The western region is relatively rich in resources, while the eastern region is severely lacking in energy and is highly dependent on a large platform for power transmission from west to east. Optimize the allocation of energy resources across provinces and regions. As the hydropower development in the region comes to an end, the scale of other traditional energy development is limited, and new energies such as wind power and photovoltaics will usher in rapid development. New energy supporting energy storage is an important means to alleviate the randomness and volatility of new energy output.

Combined with the "Plan", during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China Southern Power Grid will focus on deepening power transmission from west to east, expanding power transmission from north to south, connecting southeast Tibet, integrating Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau, and China Unicom Southeast Asia, and achieving optimal allocation of resources on a larger scale. Based on the principle of simultaneous development of centralized development and decentralized development, and nearby consumption, vigorously support the development of new energy, and promote the acceleration of the construction of a power supply structure with new energy as the main body. Promote the deep development of hydropower in Southwest China, the safe development of coastal nuclear power, the rational development of gas power, and the clean and efficient development of coal power. Build pumped storage on demand, promote the accelerated development of electrochemical energy storage, and focus on improving system flexibility.

Overall deployment of different types of energy storage technologies

At present, the energy storage industry has a variety of technical solutions such as electrochemical energy storage, pumped water storage and compressed air energy storage. There are differences in response time, ramp rate, and power adjustment scale, and they do not play a role in the power system. Exactly the same. How will the additional 20 million kilowatts of new energy distribution and storage in the five southern provinces and regions be allocated?

"It is necessary to coordinate the allocation of different types of energy storage adjustment resources in combination with technical and economic conditions." In Chen Zheng's view, the on-site centralized approach should be given priority to new energy developed in a centralized manner, and energy storage should be allocated according to a certain ratio. This is beneficial to the one hand Smoothing new energy output characteristics and improving system stability; on the other hand, it is also conducive to improving the utilization efficiency of supporting delivery projects and improving overall economy. For distributed new energy, you can choose between centralized configuration on the grid side and decentralized configuration on the user side according to different scenarios. The former is conducive to taking advantage of the economies of scale of centralized configuration, while the latter is conducive to stimulating the vitality of the user side and making full use of other distributions such as electric vehicles. Energy storage resources.

“China Southern Power Grid is rich in hydropower resources, and we still need to further tap the potential of pumped storage. Although hydropower has dry and wet periods, and long-term regulation needs, the current participation of electrochemical energy storage in peak shaving is still highly dependent on policies. Even if it is equipped with electrochemical energy storage, it is difficult to solve the seasonal peak shaving problem. On the contrary, Qinghai and other new energy projects that require greater daily adjustment and less seasonal adjustment demand are more suitable for electrochemical energy storage." The expert, who declined to be named, told reporters.

It is understood that China Southern Power Grid has built and put into operation 5 pumped storage power stations, with an installed capacity of 7.88 million kilowatts. In the next 15 years, 36 million kilowatts of pumped storage capacity will be added, an increase of approximately 4.6 times over the current level.

The policy market is working together

The industry generally believes that the biggest difficulty of current new energy storage is the high cost of electrochemical energy storage, which brings about the cost recovery of the main body of investment and construction and the difficulty of price smoothing.

"It is difficult to get through the business model." The above-mentioned experts further explained that, in addition to peak shaving, participation in auxiliary power services such as frequency modulation, backup, and climbing are all important ways to increase energy storage revenue. Potential business models include leasing, sharing, etc. These all depend on the improvement of the policy system. Only in this way can new energy distribution and storage be sustainable.

In fact, energy storage has been "supported" at the national level in response to industry pain points. In April this year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Opinions on Further Improving the Price Formation Mechanism of Pumped Storage", which improved the cost recovery and allocation mechanism of pumped storage, which is conducive to the formation of a stable and predictable revenue model for the industry. Subsequently, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of New Energy Storage", which clarified the status of the independent market entity of the new energy storage, and required research and establishment of energy storage to participate in medium and long-term transactions, spot and auxiliary services, etc. The access conditions, transaction mechanism and technical standards of the electricity market accelerate the promotion of energy storage to enter and allow participation in various electricity markets.

"Aim at the pain points of the industry and name the focus of the follow-up policy." The above-mentioned experts believe that the specific implementation of each region, province and city still needs to be refined.

In Chen Zheng's view, in order to ensure the implementation of the energy storage configuration that supports the development of new energy, it needs to be promoted from the three sides of the power supply, the power grid, and the user. He suggested that on the one hand, a certain percentage of energy storage in new energy plants should be clarified in the form of a policy document, and used as a precondition for grid connection permits to ensure the implementation of the policy; on the other hand, the construction and improvement of the market environment should be accelerated and the price should be The signal guides energy storage resources to actively participate in system adjustment, and encourages various investment entities to participate in the construction of energy storage resources.